One of the main types of maintenance work in collector and drainage networks is the hydrodynamic cleaning of the interior of drainage pipes. Its disadvantage is the high cost of the work. A method for cleaning collector and drainage networks of silt using a high-speed, pressurized water flow has been proposed. Equipment for this method has been developed and field-tested. 

This paper presents a systematic analysis of the factors determining the stability of the banks of shipping rivers and canals for various purposes, including drainage, located in Belarus. Key natural and anthropogenic factors influencing coastal erosion processes are identified: hydrological characteristics, geological and geomorphological structure of the banks, and hydrodynamic impacts. Based on the assessment of these factors, an algorithm has been developed that structures the process of analyzing and predicting coastal deformations. This algorithm enables a transition from isolated observations to comprehensive monitoring and risk assessment, which has practical significance for planning coastal protection measures and ensuring the safe operation of waterways and large drainage canals. The study is supported by the results of in-situ surveys of selected river and canal sections.

At the beginning of the spring growing season of perennial grasses, nitrate nitrogen predominates in the mineral nitrogen composition of the soil, accounting for an average of 53.5%. During the first grass cutting period, ammonium nitrogen accounts for the majority of the mineral nitrogen content across all experimental variants, accounting for 64.9-72.4%. A significant correlation (r = 0.50-0.66) was found between the N_min content in the soil in early spring and after the first cutting and the ¹³⁷Cs activity in the hay of perennial grasses from the first and second cuttings. Strong correlations were found between mineral nitrogen content in the soil in early spring and after the first grass cutting and hay yields from the first and second cuttings. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.83 and 0.73, respectively. With increasing N_min reserves in the soil, a significant increase in productivity was observed.

The results of studies (2016‒2017) assessing the effect of organic fertilizer, obtained by composting grain waste and cattle manure, on corn productivity are presented. It has been established that this fertilizer is not inferior in composition to traditional organic fertilizers. The mass fraction of total nitrogen in it is 0,60 %, phosphorus – 0,31 %, potassium – 0,37 %. The application of the developed fertilizer at a dose of 40–60 t/ha contributed to a significant increase in the yield of green mass of corn and improved the nutritional value of the feed. In the variant with the use of this fertilizer, the yield of green mass of corn was 346,5–389,5 c/ha, in the control – 264,5 c/ha, the yield of dry matter – 89,1–102,1 c/ha and 61,4 c/ha, metabolic energy – 10,66–11,08 MJ/kg and 10,54 MJ/kg, feed unit yield – 81,97–101,08 c/ha and 55,26 c/ha respectively. When using the developed fertilizer at a dose of 40–60 t/ha, the nitrate content in the green mass of corn did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration.

During the implementation of measures for the engineering protection of agricultural land from landslide danger in the Anapa district of the Krasnodar Krai during the construction of the M-25 Novorossiysk ‒ Kerch road, unplanned deformations of the structures were recorded during the construction of anti-landslide structures. Additional engineering and reclamation surveys revealed the presence of oil inclusions in the soil massif, which significantly worsened its physical and mechanical and, which is especially important for agrolandscapes, water and physical properties. Based on the corrected design characteristics of the soil (adhesion, angle of internal friction), a structural scheme for strengthening the slope using bored piles buried in stable bedrock was developed and implemented. This engineering solution ensured not only the stabilization of the landslide slope, but also the effective protection of a significant area of valuable agricultural land, preserving their productivity and preventing the degradation of the agro-landscape.

A comparison of existing methods of analysis of sensitivity of different parameters in the justification of engineering decisions has been carried out. The shortcomings of traditional deterministic approaches were identified. A method of gray relational analysis to clarify the degree of feral danger was proposed. On the basis of the initial data, 22 sensitive sites (flood flow, medium and medium-weighted slope of the basin and the river bed, vegetation) were calculated with normalized risks, an integrated risk assessment was carried out. The results allowed to refine the previous semi-quantitative risk assessment. The article is the first to state that that gray relational analysis is universally applicable for analyzing complex systems with multiple criteria in unstable or incomplete data. It helps to rank alternatives, identify key factors and optimize processes with minimal computational effort. The method is up to date and can be applied in the variant design of activities for protection against landslides and mudslides, in the assessment of risk of occurrence of dangerous processes. 

The influence of drainage systems to the hydrological regime of receiving rivers is analyzed, and the most significant factors influencing river runoff are presented. A set of measures aimed at preserving small and medium-sized rivers during the restoration and reconstruction of drainage systems is proposed. Particular attention is paid to the environmental aspects of land reclamation as an important component of planning and implementation of drainage works, which should contribute to maintaining the natural balance and preventing the depletion of water resources.