The results of studies of the effectiveness of experimental absorbing columns with the use of polymer drainage geocomposites for the removal of surface water from closed waterlogged depressions of reclamation objects with poorly water-permeable soils are presented. Design solutions of water-absorbing devices, results of laboratory tests of throughput capacity are given. The influence of geocomposites on the increase in the throughput capacity of the absorber columns is noted. The technology of building absorbent columns at the «Yelnya-Agro» reclamation facility in the Sharkovshchinsky district of the Vitebsk region is described. The effectiveness of their work on the removal of excess water is shown, especially in the spring, which is the most intense in preparing farmland for field work.

The requirements that must be observed when modeling crop yields are formulated. They determine the structure of the mathematical model, the conditions for its verification and the duration of a series of long-term observations. It has been established that 3-year data is not enough to build a reliable mathematical model of yield.

A domestic single-bucket excavator has been created for reclamation construction, namely for performing operational work on main canals overgrown with bushes and restoring reclamation systems that require repair. The modification of the created excavator has extended working equipment, which allows increasing the coverage of the working area from one excavator parking lot.

The Yellow River (Huang He) is the most important source of water supplied for irrigation. However, it has a very high concentration of suspended sediment, the long-term average value of which is about 30 kg/m³. To ensure a guaranteed supply of water to irrigation systems and normal operation of main canals, a reduction in the turbidity of the flow in the river is required. To determine the required degree of its reduction, the sediment regime in the river was studied, a methodology was proposed for calculating the transport capacity of a suspended saturated flow, and correlations were established between the annual runoff and sediment content in the river flow passing through the river sections in which hydrological stations are located. Sediment transport in the lower section of the river is closely related to the annual water flow and sediment content in the flow passing through the upper station. An assessment of the storage capacity of the Xiaolandi reservoir and a method for determining the volume and timing of its siltation are given.

Some agrophysical properties of the soils of the Karabakh plain is presented, the study of these properties allows us to gain a certain understanding of the agrophysical functions of soils in a given area. The researched data on which each studied soil type differs from each other.

An increase in the sum of effective air temperatures during the growing season to 2600 ºС led to the emergence of a drier agroclimatic zone in the floodplain of the Pripyat River. In such conditions, the need to increase the productivity of hay grass stands for the preparation of roughage increases. The compositions of legume-cereal grass mixtures and doses of fertilizers for organizing a hay conveyor at different levels of drainage of a peat floodplain are given. Grass mixtures are developed taking into account the relationship of cereal grasses to the duration of flooding.

The influence of crop rotations and fertilization systems on the water resistance of soil structure was studied. Soddy-podzolic soils on moraine loams were characterized by better water resistance compared to soils on loess-like loams. Non-eroded, weakly and moderately eroded soils in the grass-grain crop rotation had good water resistance (40.7–48.9 %), moderately eroded soils in the grain-grass crop rotation and highly eroded soils in the grass-grain crop rotation – satisfactory (34.8–38.4 %). Soddy-podzolic soils on loess-like loams were characterized by unsatisfactory water resistance. The organomineral fertilizer system, together with liming, improved the water resistance of soils. Compared to the mineral fertilizer system, the water resistance of non-eroded soil increased from 19.9 to 24.8 %, moderately eroded soil – from 12.5 to 18.5, highly eroded soil – from 12.5 to 16.0 %. The weighted average diameter of water-resistant aggregates of soddy-podzolic non-eroded soils on loess-like loams averaged 0.4 mm, and of moderately and highly eroded soils – 0.3 mm. Soils formed on moraine loams had higher values of this indicator, especially in grass-grain crop rotation.

The article presents the results of the study of the impact of long-term irrigation with pig wastewater on soil pollution by heavy metals (Copper, Zinc, Cadmium, Lead) of the breeding and hybrid center «Zadneprovsky» of Orsha district of Vitebsk region. On their basis of studies were conducted on experimental plots in the period 2002–2004 and in 2017; the balance of priority pollutants characteristic of the Republic of Belarus was drawn up. In the process of long-term irrigation with effluents of the pig-breeding complex in the amount of 300 kg/ha (on Nitrogen) of the experimental plot has been observed a decrease in the values of mobile forms of the considered heavy metals in sod-podzolic loamy soil, which confirms the validity of the justification of fertilizer-wetting irrigation regime.