The hydraulic parameters of the flushing nozzle are determined depending on the pressure and flow rate of water: the speed and force of the stream of water flowing out of the nozzle; the number and size of the nozzle nozzles. New design solutions for flushing nozzles are presented, which increase the efficiency of cleaning drainage pipelines. Comparative characteristics of the parameters of the applied and new design solutions of flushing nozzles are given.

The article analyzes the main factors affecting the efficiency of drainage systems, establishes the nature of the change in the filtration coefficient of the drainage backfill in time. The necessary performance of drainage systems is given to ensure the required drainage rates. The influence of the initial moisture content of the drainage backfill on its water permeability has been investigated. It is concluded that it is inexpedient to build drainage and humidification systems in the presence of clay or loamy soils in the zone of subsurface moisture, which, when soaked, form a weakly water-permeable layer in the trench backfill.

Over-compaction of the soil is one of the main reasons for reducing the productivity of agricultural land. In addition to clay and loamy soils, cohesive sandy soils that have been in agricultural use for a long time are also subject to over-compaction. The main problem of machines and the mechanisms that are used to eliminate over-compaction is the need to reduce the traction force. Based on the analysis of the technical characteristics of soil loosening tools, it has been proposed to create a prototype of a soil loosener of the RP-45-140 type with an unconventional design scheme. In terms of the content of the technological process and the quality of work, it is close to the rippers of passive action. It is aimed at purpose-loosening of soils that are not littered with stones to a depth of up to 45 cm, in which a plow sole is formed and where there are gley layers and in many cases the subsurface layers are characterized by low filtration capacity.

The analysis of the experience of examining the Belarusian waterworks and sludge storage facilities of JSC «Belaruskali» showed that the causes of emergencies can be defects in the survey, design, construction and operation of structures. At each of these stages there are risks of accidents. The risk assessment is based on the results of control and analysis of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the state of the structure, the environment in the zone of its influence, natural loads and impacts, expected damage from an accident or destruction of hydraulic structures, compliance with the conditions for its safe operation, etc. A similar approach to assessing the risk of accidents in hydraulic engineering structures for the entire set of factors affecting the reliability and safety of structures, is the basis of the regulatory documents developed in Russia. With appropriate adaptation, this approach can be used to assess the risk of accidents at reservoirs of the Republic of Belarus. The indicators for assessing the hazard of accidents and vulnerability of hydraulic structures, as well as lists of risk factors and their distinguishing features for each indicator, are supplemented and improved, compiled by the author together with G. G. Kruglov, V. V. Ivashechkin and O. A. Murashko, typical for Belarusian reservoirs. They can be recommended for practical use in organizations as standard documentation for assessing the possible risk of accidents and the state of hydraulic structures during operation, as well as when conducting surveys of hydraulic structures etc.

The article presents the results of research on one of the effective design solutions for vertical drainage with siphon catchments. The conditions of their application are given, the design of various types of siphons and used drainage wells is given. Operation modes of siphon catchments, possible volumes of water pumping from wells and their radii of influence on groundwater levels are established. An economic estimate of the cost of their construction and operation was given.

For the first time for the territory of the Gorki district of the Mogilev region, the identification of the spatial distribution of groundwater potential zones was carried out using as the initial remote sensing data and open geospatial databases, as well as approaches based on the use of pairwise comparison of spatial parameters by assigning weights based on expert estimates (AHP) and calculating the spatial relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables in accordance with estimates that are assigned based on the major and minor factors (MIF). As a result of processing the initial data, seven thematic layers with the corresponding attributive information were created, which have been assigned different weights to characterize the strength of their influence on groundwater recharge. The spatial distribution of groundwater potential zones was identified using tool of Weighted Overlay analysis tool of ArcGIS ArcGIS 10.5. The results of the study can be used by both local government bodies and researchers to develop the measures to optimize the groundwater resources management in order to protect them and provide rational utilization.

On the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of the implementation of strategic objectives of the development priorities of the Russian Federation, the state of agricultural land is characterized, a key task is noted: by the end of 2030 to ensure the involvement of at least 12 million hectares of land. The concept of effective involvement in the turnover of retired agricultural land has been formulated. The decision is given in a variable format, an infographic of ways to achieve the planned indicators on a set of risk constraints.

The article gives a brief review of literature on the importance of Galega orientalis in fodder production and the results of research on irrigation regimes in other countries. The results of own research on irrigation regimes of Galega orientalis on sod-podzolic soils in the north-eastern part of Belarus are pre-sented. It is established that the maximum biological potential of Galega orientalis is revealed at the regulation of the soil moisture content in the range of 70– 100 %. It is possible to keep soil moisture reserves in the range of 70–100 % only applying the following irrigation norms: in a very dry year (P = 5 %) – 90–113 mm; in an average year (P = 50 %) – 32–37 mm; in a humid year (P = 90 %) no irrigation required.

On the basis of our own experimental studies, a comprehensive assessment of the contamination with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd,) of potatoes and vegetables grown within the territory with individual residential buildings in the city of Gorki was carried out. It has been established that the pollution of vegetables and potatoes is of a multi-element nature, and their dominant pollutants are: for potatoes – Cd; for beet and carrot – Zn and Cd; for cabbage and onion – Zn; for beet – Cu. According to their ability to bioaccumulate, heavy metals are arranged in the following descending rows: potatoes: Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb > Mn; beet: Cu > Zn > Cd > Mn > Pb; carrot: Cd > Zn> Cu > Pb > Mn; cabbage and onion: Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb > Mn. The method of radial basis functions, which identified three zones with different levels of complex contamination of potatoes and vegetables with heavy metals, was used to model the spatial distribution of contamination. Models were created to predict the accumulation of heavy metals in potatoes and vegetables by using automated neural networks of multilayer perceptron with a minimum and maximum number of hidden neurons 3 and 10, respectively. The results of the study can be used by both local government bodies and researchers to develop measures to reduce the risk to public health from consuming contaminated food.

Fugitive emissions of greenhouse gases occur during the production of oil and natural gas, as well as during their handling, which must be assessed by the Republic of Belarus in accordance with international obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. For the first time, the paper describes in detail the Fugitive Emissions category of the country's Energy Sector and develops a model for estimating fugitive greenhouse gas emissions from oil and natural gas production and handling.

Fugitive emissions of greenhouse gases occur during the production of oil and natural gas, as well as during their handling, which must be assessed by the Republic of Belarus in accordance with international obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. For the first time, the paper describes in detail the Fugitive Emissions category of the country's Energy Sector and develops a model for estimating fugitive greenhouse gas emissions from oil and natural gas production and handling.

On the basis of our own experimental studies, a comprehensive assessment of the contamination with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd,) of potatoes and vegetables grown within the territory with individual residential buildings in the city of Gorki was carried out. It has been established that the pollution of vegetables and potatoes is of a multi-element nature, and their dominant pollutants are: for potatoes – Cd; for beet and carrot – Zn and Cd; for cabbage and onion – Zn; for beet – Cu. According to their ability to bioaccumulate, heavy metals are arranged in the following descending rows: potatoes: Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb > Mn; beet: Cu > Zn > Cd > Mn > Pb; carrot: Cd > Zn> Cu > Pb > Mn; cabbage and onion: Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb > Mn. The method of radial basis functions, which identified three zones with different levels of complex contamination of potatoes and vegetables with heavy metals, was used to model the spatial distribution of contamination. Models were created to predict the accumulation of heavy metals in potatoes and vegetables by using automated neural networks of multilayer perceptron with a minimum and maximum number of hidden neurons 3 and 10, respectively. The results of the study can be used by both local government bodies and researchers to develop measures to reduce the risk to public health from consuming contaminated food.