THE CHARACTERISTIC OF OXIDATION-REDUCTION PROCESSES IN RECLAIMED SOILS OF POLAND

Abstract

The outcomes almost half of a century investigations emphasize a double role, which diagnostics and parametrization of oxygenous state play in relation to soil medium and advantage of this state to water regime. The correct saturation of soils by oxygen prevents their morphological and chemical degradation and also stabilizes conditions for evolution of soil-forming processes. The possibility of continuous receipt of oxygen providing needs of soil medium creates optimal conditions for vegetation developing here and metabolism of the vegetation considerably influences soils formation and development. The boundary parameters for optimal saturation of soils with oxygen cause their humidification surplus of which promotes development of reduction processes, soil degradation and exerts the toxic attack for plants, but a shortage of moisture disturbs progress of biochemical processes in soils and vegetation of plants. In this connection the importance of land reclamation for creation of an optimal water regime satisfying simultaneously ecological and agricultural production requirements is increased. The quantitative approach to an assessment of a waterand-air regime of soils on the basis of their morphological characters is also the basis for parametrization of technical decisions applied in designing drainage systems. It is possible to use determination of the soil anoximy caused by gleyzation process in hydraulic solutions and analyses of the closed drainage network.The important outcome of introduced investigations is the indicating of an especial role of ferrocompounds in creation of oxygen regime of soils. The oxygen-iron compounds are some kind of an oxygen accumulator in soil, and the technological stabilization of oxygen regime of soil medium owes not only create favorable agro-ecological conditions, but also counteract an removal of reduced iron from soil structure.